Sizlopedia

DNS SPOOFING- Tricking a DNS server into installing a false IP address is called DNS spoofing. For example, suppose Trudy is able to crack the DNS system, may be just the DNS cache at Alice’s ISP, and replace Bob’s IP address with her (Trudy’s) IP address. When Alice looks up Bob’s IP address, she gets Trudy’s, so all her traffic intended for Bob goes to Trudy. Trudy can now mount a man-in-the-middle attack without having to go to the trouble of tapping any phone lines. Instead she has to break into a DNS server and change one record, a much easier proposition.

How might Trudy fool DNS? It turns out to be relatively easy. Trudy can trick the DNS server at Alice’s ISP into sending out a query to look up Bob’s address .Unfortunately since DNS uses UDP; the DNS server has no real way of checking who supplied the answer. Trudy can exploit this property by forging the expected reply and thus injecting a false IP address into the DNS server’s cache.

Trudy starts the attack by sending a lookup request to Alice’s ISP asking for the IP address of Bob’s. Since there is one entry for this DNS name, the cache server queries the top level server for the com domain to get one. However Trudy beats the com server to the punch and sends back a false reply. If her false reply gets back to Alice’s ISP first, that one will be cached and the real reply will be rejected as an unsolicited reply to a query no longer outstanding. A cache that holds an intentionally false IP address like this is called a poisoned cache.

If you have a wireless network, you must first run the Set up a Wireless Router or Access Point wizard on at least one computer on your network before following these steps.

How to add a wireless computer running Windows Vista or Windows XP by using a USB flash drive

If you have a USB flash drive, you can save your wireless network settings to it and then use it to add computers to your network.

If you have your settings on a USB flash drive, follow these steps:

1. Log on to the computer.
2. Plug the USB flash drive into a USB port.
3. For a computer running Windows Vista, in the AutoPlay box, click Wireless Network Setup Wizard.
   – Or –
   For a computer running Windows XP, in the USB flash drive dialog box, click Wireless Network Setup Wizard.

You might be prompted to restart the computer.

If you don’t have your settings on a USB flash drive, follow these steps:

1. Click to open Add a Wireless Device.
2. Follow the steps in the wizard to save your wireless network settings to the USB flash drive.
3. Log on to the computer.
4. Click the Start button, and then click Connect to.
5. Choose the wireless network from the list that appears, and then click Connect.
6. Type the network security key or pass phrase if you are asked to do so, and then click OK.

To manually add a wireless computer running Windows Vista

You will see a confirmation message when you are connected to the network.

To confirm that you added the computer, do the following:

You should see icons for the computer you added and for the other computers and devices that are part of the network.

To manually add a wireless computer running Windows XP

1. Log on to the computer.
2. Click Start, click Control Panel, click Network and Internet Connections, and then click Network Connections.
3. Click the wireless network connection icon, and then, under Network Tasks, click View available wireless networks.
4. Choose the wireless network from the list that appears, and then click Connect.

To add a wired (Ethernet) computer running Windows Vista

• Plug the computer into a hub, switch, or router and then turn it on. (If your home has Ethernet wiring and you have a jack in the room where the computer is, you can plug the computer into the Ethernet jack instead.)

To confirm that you added the computer, do the following:

You should see icons for the computer you added and for the other computers and devices that are part of the network.

To add a wired (Ethernet) computer running Windows XP

1. Plug the computer into a hub, switch, or router and then turn it on. (If your home has Ethernet wiring and you have a jack in the room where the computer is, you can plug the computer into the Ethernet jack instead.)
2. Log on to the computer as an administrator.
3. Click Start, right-click My Computer, and then click Properties.
4. Click the Computer Name tab, and then click Change.
5. If the workgroup name is not WORKGROUP, change the name to WORKGROUP, and then click OK.

Note

• If you had to change the workgroup name, you will be prompted to restart your computer. After you restart, click Start, and then click My Network Places. In the left pane, under Network Tasks, click View workgroup computers. You should see icons for the other computers that are currently part of your network.

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